What is ultraviolet (UV)?
Ultraviolet light is part of the light spectrum, which is classified into three wavelength ranges:
- UV-C, from 100 nanometers (nm) to 280 nm
- UV-B, from 280 nm to 315 nm
- UV-A, from 315 nm to 400 nm
What is germicidal ultraviolet?
UV-C light is germicidal - i.e., it deactivates the DNA of bacteria, viruses and other pathogens and thus destroys their ability to multiply and cause disease. Specifically, UV-C light causes damage to the nucleic acid of microorganisms by forming covalent bonds between certain adjacent bases in the DNA. The formation of such bonds prevent the DNA from being unzipped for replication, and the organism is unable to reproduce. In fact, when the organism tries to replicate, it dies.
What are the beneficial uses of germicidal uv?
Ultraviolet technology is a non-chemical approach to disinfection. In this method of disinfection, nothing is added which makes this process simple, inexpensive and requires very low maintenance. Ultraviolet purifiers utilize germicidal lamps that are designed and calculated to produce a certain dosage of ultraviolet (usually at least 16,000 microwatt seconds per square centimeter but many units actually have a much higher dosage.) The principle of design is based on a product of time and intensity - you must have a certain amount of both for a successful design.
Here are just a few of the applications... |
Drinking Water
- under sink installs & water vending machines
- aircraft, boats & recreational vehicles
- water wells & water cisterns
- swimming pool & hot tubs
- farms, ranches & trailer parks
- schools & hotels
- aquarium, hatcheries and nurseries
- ice making |
Food Processing
- brewery & winery
- soft drinks, fruit drinks and juices
- bottling facilities
- diary processing
- liquid sugars, sweeteners and edible oils
- water based lubricants
- pure wash water
|
Medical
- pharmaceutical production
- laboratories, hospitals and clinics
- maternity labor and delivery areas
- pathology labs, kidney dialysis
- animal husbandry |
Industries
- cosmetics and electronic production
- pond & lake reclamation
- laundry water |
Thanks
www.ultraviolet.com for the knowledge of UV.
| What microorganisms are deactivated by germicidal ultraviolet light?
|
| Bacteria
|
UV Dose
|
Bacteria
|
UV Dose
|
| Agrobacterium lumefaciens 5
|
8,500
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Environ.Strain) 1,2,3,4,5,9
|
10,500
|
| Bacillus anthracis 1,4,5,7,9 (anthrax veg.)
|
8,700
|
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Lab. Strain) 5,7
|
3,900
|
| Bacillus anthracis Spores (anthrax spores)*
|
46,200
|
Pseudomonas fluorescens 4,9
|
6,600
|
| Bacillus megatherium Sp. (veg) 4,5,9
|
2,500
|
Rhodospirillum rubrum 5
|
6,200
|
| Bacillus megatherium Sp. (spores) 4,9
|
5,200
|
Salmonella enteritidis 3,4,5,9
|
7,600
|
| Bacillus paratyphosus 4,9
|
6,100
|
Salmonella paratyphi (Enteric Fever) 5,7
|
6,100
|
| Bacillus subtilis 3,4,5,6,9
|
11,000
|
Salmonella Species 4,7,9
|
15,200
|
| Bacillus subtilis Spores 2,3,4,6,9
|
22,000
|
Salmonella typhimurium 4,5,9
|
15,200
|
| Clostridium tetani
|
23,100
|
Salmonella typhi (Typhoid Fever) 7
|
7,000
|
| Clostridium botulinum
|
11,200
|
Salmonella
|
10,500
|
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae 1,4,5,7,8,9
|
6,500
|
Sarcina lutea 1,4,5,6,9
|
26,400
|
| Dysentery bacilli 3,4,7,9
|
4,200
|
Serratia marcescens 1,4,6,9
|
6,160
|
| Eberthella typhosa 1,4,9
|
4,100
|
Shigella dysenteriae - Dysentery 1,5,7,9
|
4,200
|
| Escherichia coli 1,2,3,4,9
|
6,600
|
Shigella flexneri - Dysentery 5,7
|
3,400
|
| Legionella bozemanii 5
|
3,500
|
Shigella paradysenteriae 4,9
|
3,400
|
| Legionella dumoffill 5
|
5,500
|
Shigella sonnei 5
|
7,000
|
| Legionella gormanil 5
|
4,900
|
Spirillum rubrum 1,4,6,9
|
6,160
|
| Legionella micdadei 5
|
3,100
|
Staphylococcus albus 1,6,9
|
5,720
|
| Legionella longbeachae 5
|
2,900
|
Staphylococcus aureus 3,4,6,9
|
6,600
|
| Legionella pneumophila (Legionnaire's Disease)
|
12,300
|
Staphylococcus epidermidis 5,7
|
5,800
|
| Leptospira canicola-Infectious Jaundice 1,9
|
6,000
|
Streptococcus faecaila 5,7,8
|
10,000
|
| Leptospira interrogans 1,5,9
|
6,000
|
Streptococcus hemolyticus 1,3,4,5,6,9
|
5,500
|
| Micrococcus candidus 4,9
|
12,300
|
Streptococcus lactis 1,3,4,5,6
|
8,800
|
| Micrococcus sphaeroides 1,4,6,9
|
15,400
|
Streptococcus pyrogenes
|
4,200
|
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis 1,3,4,5,7,8,9
|
10,000
|
Streptococcus salivarius
|
4,200
|
| Neisseria catarrhalis 1,4,5,9
|
8,500
|
Streptococcus viridans 3,4,5,9
|
3,800
|
| Phytomonas tumefaciens 1,4,9
|
8,500
|
Vibrio comma (Cholera) 3,7
|
6,500
|
| Proteus vulgaris 1,4,5,9
|
6,600
|
Vibrio cholerae 1,5,8,9
|
6,500
|
| Molds
|
UV Dose
|
Molds
|
UV Dose
|
| Aspergillus amstelodami
|
77,000
|
Oospora lactis 1,3,4,6,9
|
11,000
|
| Aspergillus flavus 1,4,5,6,9
|
99,000
|
Penicillium chrysogenum
|
56,000
|
| Aspergillus glaucus 4,5,6,9
|
88,000
|
Penicillium digitatum 4,5,6,9
|
88,000
|
| Aspergillus
niger
(breed mold) 2,3,4,5,6,9
|
330,000
|
Penicillium expansum 1,4,5,6,9
|
22,000
|
| Mucor mucedo
|
77,000
|
Penicillium roqueforti 1,2,3,4,5,6
|
26,400
|
| Mucor racemosus (A & B) 1,3,4,6,9
|
35,200
|
Rhizopus nigricans (cheese mold) 3,4,5,6,9
|
220,000
|
| Protozoa
|
UV Dose
|
Protozoa
|
UV Dose
|
| Chlorella vulgaris (algae) 1,2,3,4,5,9
|
22,000
|
Giardia lamblia (cysts) 3
|
100,000
|
| Blue-green Algae
|
420,000
|
Nematode Eggs 6
|
40,000
|
| E. hystolytica
|
84,000
|
Paramecium 1,2,3,4,5,6,9
|
200,000
|
| Virus
|
UV Dose
|
Virus
|
UV Dose
|
| Adeno Virus Type III 3
|
4,500
|
Influenza 1,2,3,4,5,7,9
|
6,600
|
| Bacteriophage 1,3,4,5,6,9
|
6,600
|
Rotavirus 5
|
24,000
|
| Coxsackie
|
6,300
|
Tobacco Mosaic 2,4,5,6,9
|
440,000
|
| Infectious Hepatitis 1,5,7,9
|
8,000
|
0
|
|
| Yeasts
|
UV Dose
|
Yeasts
|
UV Dose
|
| Baker's Yeast 1,3,4,5,6,7,9
|
8,800
|
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4,6,9
|
13,200
|
| Brewer's Yeast 1,2,3,4,5,6,9
|
6,600
|
Saccharomyces ellipsoideus 4,5,6,9
|
13,200
|
| Common Yeast Cake 1,4,5,6,9
|
13,200
|
Saccharomyces sp. 2,3,4,5,6,9
|
17,600
|
| 1. "The Use of Ultraviolet Light for Microbial Control", Ultrapure Water, April 1989.
2. William V. Collentro, "Treatment of Water with Ultraviolet Light - Part I", Ultrapure Water, July/August 1986.
3. James E. Cruver, Ph.D., "Spotlight on Ultraviolet Disinfection", Water Technology, June 1984.
4. Dr. Robert W. Legan, "Alternative Disinfection Methods-A Comparison of UV and Ozone", Industrial Water Engineering, Mar/Apr 1982.
5. Unknown
6. Rudolph Nagy, Research Report BL-R-6-1059-3023-1, Westinghouse Electric Corporation.
7. Myron Lupal, "UV Offers Reliable Disinfection", Water Conditioning & Purification, November 1993.
8. John Treij, “Ultraviolet Technology”, Water Conditioning & Purification, December 1995.9. Bak Srikanth, “The Basic Benefits of Ultraviolet Technology”, Water Conditioning & Purification, December 1995
* Approximate - Various sources may report different inactivation dosages.
Thanks www.ultraviolet.com for the knowledge of UV. |
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